The presence of metal can compromise dental CBCT imaging because highly attenuating materials prevent X-rays from passing uniformly through the scanned region. When a patient has dental implants, metallic restorations, or other dense materials, the reconstructed image may show artifacts, meaning image features that do not accurately represent the patient’s true anatomy.
This occurs because of the physical properties of these materials. Structures with high density and a high atomic number strongly attenuate the X-ray beam. As the beam passes through these dense materials, lower-energy photons are preferentially absorbed, producing a phenomenon known as beam hardening.
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